The Unified Patent Court (the ‘Court’) will be the biggest thing to happen in the field of patent litigation in Europe for a very long time and, eventually, it will happen next year. Much has been said about preparing for when the doors of the Court open. This chapter, written by Katharine Stephens for International Comparative Legal Guide to Patents 2023, looks at one of the important issues in that mix, that is the jurisdiction and competence of the Court.