HMRC finally published its policy paper on the taxation of cryptoasset exchange tokens for companies and other businesses on 1 November 2019.

International law firm Bird & Bird today launches a report, "Blockchains uncut: risks, rewards and regulations" which explores the potential application of blockchain technologies and highlights where new ...

On 16 August 2019, the German Federal Financial Supervisory Authority (BaFin) published an updated guidance notice (German) on the issuance of crypto token (e.g. through ICO, ITS or TGE) providing assistance with ...

Cryptocurrencies are small pieces of digital information that are recorded on a blockchain ledger and the information is cryptographically secured. In order to access the ledger and transfer ownership, you need to ...

The German Ministry of Finance (Bundesministerium der Finanzen – BMF) published a draft legislative proposal (German) to implement the European directive to amend the fourth European anti-money laundering directive ...

Depending on the rights a Token conveys, it can be a Security Token, a Currency Token, a Utility Token or take a hybrid form. Legal literature and regulatory practice can at times diverge.

Part 5/5 – Hybrid Forms: A token may have features of security token, currency token and/or utility token. These hybrid forms require a case by case assessment of applicable regulation.

Part 3/5 - Currency Token: Currency Token, also called cryptocurrency, are the origin of token. The most well-known example for a coin is Bitcoin. Other examples of Currency Token are Ethereum (or Ether) and Ripple

Part 2/5 - Security Token: By issuing security tokens the issuer promises some sort of return. Token can qualify as securities according to the German Security Trading Act (WpHG) and German Security Prospectus Act ...

Part 1/5: The Issuance of coins and tokens are an innovative way to raise capital and fund projects using distributed ledger technology. This first part introduces the technology, its structure and basic legal ...